2024年高三九省聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)試題及答案

注意事項(xiàng)：

1. 答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的考生號(hào)、姓名、考點(diǎn)學(xué)校、考場(chǎng)號(hào)及座位號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。

2. 回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需要改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無(wú)效。

3. 考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。

第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)

做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。

第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1. 5分，滿分 7. 5分)

聽(tīng)下面5 段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的 A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。

例: How much is the shirt?

A. ￡19. 15. B. ￡9. 18. C. ￡9. 15.

答案是C。

1. What will Chris do next?

A. Drink some coffee. B. Watch the World Cup. C. Go to sleep.

2. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?

A. Strangers. B. Classmates. C. Relatives.

3. What is the woman’s attitude to the man’s suggestion?

A. Favorable. B. Tolerant. C. Negative.

4. What can we learn about Tom?

A. He’s smart for his age. B. He’s unwilling to study. C. He’s difficult to get along with.

5. What did Kevin do yesterday?

A. He went swimming. B. He cleaned up his house. C. He talked with his grandparents.

第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1. 5分，滿分22. 5 分)

聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的 A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;完后，各小題給出5 秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。

6. Who is arranging the meeting?

A. Peter. B. David. C. Janet.

7. When does the man prefer to have the meeting?

A. This Wednesday. B. This Friday. C. Next Monday.

聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8、9題。

8. What are the speakers talking about?

A. Travel experiences. B. Vacation plans. C. Favorite seasons.

9. What does the man want to do?

A. Go to the beach. B. Find a summer job. C. Move to Washington.

聽(tīng)第8段材料, 回答第10至12題。

10. What does the news say about big online spenders in the US?

A. The number of them grows slowly.

B. There are more men than women.

C. They make up half of all shoppers.

11. How much did Americans spend shopping online last year?

A. $453 billion. B. $990 billion. C. $1, 500 billion.

12. What did George buy online last Sunday?

A. An adventure novel. B. A software package. C. A note by Mark Twain.

聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13至16題。

13. What has Richard been doing?

A. Visiting a museum. B. Watching TV. C. Studying.

14. Why does Susan call Richard?

A. To ask for help. B. To give thanks. C. To make an appointment.

15. What does Susan want to do?

A. See an exhibition. B. Buy a new cell phone. C. Take pictures of the snow.

16. What will the speakers probably do?

A. Go to a park. B. Play football. C. Attend a party.

聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。

17. Where did the speaker learn about college?

A. From the movies. B. From her family. C. From the books.

18. What helped change the speaker’s attitude towards study?

A. Her professor’s advice. B. Her graduate program. C. Her trip to Africa.

19. How does the speaker feel when she talks about her past experiences?

A. Regretful. B. Relieved. C. Grateful.

20. Who is the speaker probably talking to?

A. Conservation workers. B. High school students. C. College teachers.

第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分 50分)

第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2. 5分，滿分 37. 5 分)

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D 四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

Yellowstone Poster Exhibition to Be on View at UW’s Coe Library

A first-of-its-kind exhibition that focuses on the history of Yellowstone National Park posters will be on display at the University of Wyoming’s Coe Library beginning Tuesday, February 1.

“Wonderland Illustrated” will present posters and poster-style illustrations of the park spanning from the 1870s through . The exhibition will be located on Level 3 of Coe Library. It will be on view through Tuesday, May 31.

The exhibition takes place at the same time as this year’s 150th anniversary of the creation of Yellowstone National Park. The posters in the exhibition serve the purpose of both advertising and art.

“We’re thrilled to be working with Yellowstone collectors Jack and Susan Davís, and Larry and Thea Lancaster to bring this exhibition to the University of Wyoming as part of year-long celebrations recognizing Yellowstone’s 150th anniversary,” says Tamsen Hert, head of UW Libraries’ Emmett D. Chisum Special Collections. “This exhibition involves the history of printing, art, photography and advertising over 16 decades. The images reproduced are found on travel brochures, postcards and maps—many of which are held in our collections.”

One poster from the exhibition—Henry Wellge’s “Yellowstone National Park” from1904—was recently purchased with donated funds and is now part of UW Libraries’ Emmett D. Chisum Special Collections. Wellge, a productive bird’s-eye-view artist, designed the piece for the Northern Pacific Railroad, which used it to advertise the park. This is a unique piece, as posters such as this one were printed on soft paper and very few have survived.

1. How long will the exhibition “Wonderland Illustrated” last?

A. Two weeks. B. Three months. C. Four months. D. One year.

2. What is a purpose of the exhibition?

A. To remember a famous artist. B. To raise fund for Coe Library.

C. To mark the anniversary of a national park. D. To tell the history of the University of Wyoming.

3. What do we know about the 1904 poster Henry Wellge designed?

A. It is rare in the world. B. It is in black and white.

C. It is printed on cloth. D. It is owned by a professor.

【答案】1. C2. C3. A

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了黃石海報(bào)展覽的時(shí)間安排以及特色等信息。

【1題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“A first-of-its-kind exhibition that focuses on the history of Yellowstone National Park posters will be on display at the University of Wyoming’s Coe Library beginning Tuesday, February 1. (從2月1日星期二開(kāi)始，懷俄明大學(xué)科圖書(shū)館將舉辦一場(chǎng)首次以黃石國(guó)家公園歷史海報(bào)為主題的展覽)”以及第二段“It will be on view through Tuesday, May 31.(展覽將持續(xù)到5月31日星期二)”可知，“仙境畫(huà)報(bào)”展覽將持續(xù)四個(gè)月。故選C。

【2題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“We’re thrilled to be working with Yellowstone collectors Jack and Susan Davís, and Larry and Thea Lancaster to bring this exhibition to the University of Wyoming as part of year-long celebrations recognizing Yellowstone’s 150th anniversary(我們很高興能與黃石收藏者杰克和蘇珊·戴維斯以及拉里和西婭·蘭開(kāi)斯特合作，將這次展覽帶到懷俄明大學(xué)，作為紀(jì)念黃石公園150周年的為期一年的慶?；顒?dòng)的一部分)”可知，展覽的目的是紀(jì)念一個(gè)國(guó)家公園的周年紀(jì)念。故選C。

【3題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“This is a unique piece, as posters such as this one were printed on soft paper and very few have survived.(這是一件獨(dú)特的作品，因?yàn)橄襁@樣的海報(bào)是印在軟紙上的，很少有幸存下來(lái))”可知，1904年亨利·韋爾奇設(shè)計(jì)的海報(bào)在世界上很罕見(jiàn)。故選A。

B

Parrots are prey animals, which means that other predators (捕食者) in the wild, such as hawks or snakes, are looking to make them into a meal. This one factor influences parrots’ behavior in your house more than any other.

Parrots are most easily hurt when feeding on the ground. Membership in a group plays an important function in ensuring their safety and improving their chances of survival from attacks by predators. The most common predators of parrots include hawks, snakes, cats, monkeys, and bats. Some predators make attacks only during the day while others hunt in the night.

As prey animals, parrots are constantly watching out for danger and they instinctively (本能地) react to risks. Their first choice is to take flight. However, if this is not possible, they will fight with their powerful beaks to defend themselves.

Because their biggest enemy is the hawk, parrots are especially reactive to quick movements from above and behind. For this reason, it is wise to avoid quick, sudden movements near your bird. This is a built-in reaction not subject to logic or reason. Simple and relatively harmless household objects can draw extreme fear responses from a bird. For example, a balloon may represent a hawk or a vacuum hose (吸塵器軟管) may be the same as a snake in your bird’s mind.

As prey animals, parrots are often frightened by exposure to new household items or strangers. It is important to expose your bird to safe experiences and changes starting at a very young age to build flexibility and improve their adaptability. Variety in diet and toys, travel, and exposure to new people and places all help to make your bird more flexible and adaptable to change.

4. What is important for parrots to better survive from attacks in the wild?

A. Living in a group. B. Growing beautiful feathers.

C. Feeding on the ground. D. Avoiding coming out at night.

5. What is parrots’ first response to an immediate risk?

A. To attack back. B. To get away.

C.To protect the young. D. To play dead.

6. Why would a balloon frighten a parrot?

A. It may explode suddenly. B. It may be in a strange shape.

C. It may have a strong color. D. It may move around quickly.

7.What is the author’s purpose of writing the text?

A. To explain wild parrots’ behavior. B. To give advice on raising a parrot.

C. To call for action to protect animals. D. To introduce a study on bird ecology.

【答案】4. A5. B6. B7. B

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了鸚鵡作為被捕食動(dòng)物的行為特性和生存策略。

【4題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Membership in a group plays an important function in ensuring their safety and improving their chances of survival from attacks by predators.(群體中的成員在確保其安全和提高其從捕食者襲擊中幸存下來(lái)的機(jī)會(huì)方面起著重要作用。)”可知，鸚鵡要想更好地在野外躲避攻擊，重要的是要進(jìn)行集體生活，故選A項(xiàng)。

【5題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“As prey animals, parrots are constantly watching out for danger and they instinctively (本能地) react to risks. Their first choice is to take flight.(作為獵物，鸚鵡會(huì)時(shí)刻警惕危險(xiǎn)，并本能地對(duì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)做出反應(yīng)。他們的第一反應(yīng)是飛走)”可知，鸚鵡對(duì)直接風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的第一反應(yīng)是逃跑，故選B項(xiàng)。

【6題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Simple and relatively harmless household objects can draw extreme fear responses from a bird. For example, a balloon may represent a hawk or a vacuum hose (吸塵器軟管) may be the same as a snake in your bird’s mind.(簡(jiǎn)單且相對(duì)無(wú)害的家居用品會(huì)引起鳥(niǎo)類的極度恐懼反應(yīng)。例如，在你的鳥(niǎo)心目中，氣球可能代表鷹，或者真空軟管可能與蛇相同)”可知，氣球能夠嚇到鸚鵡是因?yàn)闅馇蚩赡苄螤钇婀?，使鸚鵡聯(lián)想到鷹，故選B項(xiàng)。

【7題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Parrots are prey animals, which means that other predators (捕食者) in the wild, such as hawks or snakes, are looking to make them into a meal. This one factor influences parrots’ behavior in your house more than any other.(鸚鵡是獵物，這意味著野生的其他捕食者，如鷹或蛇，正在尋找將它們作為食物。這一個(gè)因素比任何其他因素都更能影響鸚鵡在家里的行為)”、倒數(shù)第二段“Simple and relatively harmless household objects can draw extreme fear responses from a bird. For example, a balloon may represent a hawk or a vacuum hose (吸塵器軟管) may be the same as a snake in your bird’s mind.(簡(jiǎn)單且相對(duì)無(wú)害的家居用品會(huì)引起鳥(niǎo)類的極度恐懼反應(yīng)。例如，在你的鳥(niǎo)心目中，氣球可能代表鷹，或者真空軟管可能與蛇相同)”以及最后一段“As prey animals, parrots are often frightened by exposure to new household items or strangers. It is important to expose your bird to safe experiences and changes starting at a very young age to build flexibility and improve their adaptability. Variety in diet and toys, travel, and exposure to new people and places all help to make your bird more flexible and adaptable to change.(作為獵物，鸚鵡經(jīng)常被新的家庭用品或陌生人嚇到。從很小的時(shí)候就開(kāi)始讓你的鳥(niǎo)接觸安全的體驗(yàn)和變化，以建立靈活性并提高它們的適應(yīng)性，這一點(diǎn)很重要。飲食和玩具的多樣性、旅行以及接觸新的人和地方都有助于讓你的鳥(niǎo)更靈活，更適應(yīng)變化)”可知，本文的寫作目的是對(duì)飼養(yǎng)鸚鵡提建議，故選B項(xiàng)。

C

In his 1936 work How to Win Friends and Influence People, Dale Carnegie wrote: “I have come to the conclusion that there is only one way to get the best of an argument — and that is to avoid it.” This distaste for arguments is common, but it depends on a mistaken view of arguments that causes problems for our personal and social lives — and in many ways misses the point of arguing in the first place.

Carnegie would be right if arguments were fights, which is how we often think of them. Like physical fights, verbal (言語(yǔ)的) fights can leave both sides bloodied. Even when you win, you end up no better off. You would be feeling almost as bad if arguments were even just competitions — like, say, tennis tournaments. Pairs of opponents hit the ball back and forth until one winner comes out from all who entered. Everybody else loses. This kind of thinking explains why so many people try to avoid arguments.

However, there are ways to win an argument every time. When you state your position, formulate (闡述) an argument for what you claim and honestly ask yourself whether your argument is any good. When you talk with someone who takes a stand, ask them to give you a reason for their view and spell out their argument fully. Assess its strength and weakness. Raise objections (異議) and listen carefully to their replies. This method will require effort, but practice will make you better at it.

These tools can help you win every argument — not in the unhelpful sense of beating your opponents but in the better sense of learning about what divides people, learning why they disagree with us and learning to talk and work together with them. If we readjust our view of arguments — from a verbal fight or tennis game to a reasoned exchange through which we all gain respect and understanding from each other — then we change the very nature of what it means to “win” an argument.

8. What is the author’s attitude toward Carnegie’s understanding of argument?

A. Critical. B. Supportive. C. Tolerant. D. Uncertain.

9. Why do many people try to avoid arguments?

A. They lack debating skills. B. They may feel bad even if they win.

C. They fear being ignored. D. They are not confident in themselves.

10. What does the underlined phrase “spell out” in paragraph 3 probably mean?

A. Defend. B. Explain. C. Conclude. D. Repeat.

11. What is the key to “winning” an argument according to the author?

A. Sense of logic. B. Solid supporting evidence.

C. Proper manners. D. Understanding from both sides.

【答案】8. A9. B10. B11. D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文，作者闡述了爭(zhēng)論的意義和贏得爭(zhēng)論的方法。

【8題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“This distaste for arguments is common, but it depends on a mistaken view of arguments that causes problems for our personal and social lives — and in many ways misses the point of arguing in the first place.(這種對(duì)爭(zhēng)論的厭惡是很普遍的，但它取決于對(duì)爭(zhēng)論的錯(cuò)誤看法，這種觀點(diǎn)會(huì)給我們的個(gè)人和社會(huì)生活帶來(lái)問(wèn)題——而且在很多方面，它首先忽略了爭(zhēng)論的意義)”可知，作者對(duì)于Carnegie對(duì)爭(zhēng)論的看法持批判態(tài)度，故選A。

【9題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Like physical fights, verbal (言語(yǔ)的) fights can leave both sides bloodied. Even when you win, you end up no better off. You would be feeling almost as bad if arguments were even just competitions — like, say, tennis tournaments.(和身體上的打斗一樣，言語(yǔ)上的打斗也會(huì)讓雙方流血。即使你贏了，你最終也不會(huì)變得更好。如果爭(zhēng)論只是一場(chǎng)比賽，比如網(wǎng)球比賽，你也會(huì)感覺(jué)很糟糕)”可知，很多人盡量避免爭(zhēng)論，是因?yàn)榧词冠A了他們也感覺(jué)很糟糕，故選B。

【10題詳解】

詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線短語(yǔ)所在句“ask them to give you a reason for their view”可知，讓他們?yōu)樽约旱挠^點(diǎn)提供依據(jù)，即讓他們充分闡明他們的觀點(diǎn)，spell out意為“解釋明白，講清楚”，故選B。

【11題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“If we readjust our view of arguments — from a verbal fight or tennis game to a reasoned exchange through which we all gain respect and understanding from each other — then we change the very nature of what it means to “win” an argument.(如果我們重新調(diào)整我們對(duì)爭(zhēng)論的看法——從一場(chǎng)口水戰(zhàn)或網(wǎng)球比賽轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)橐环N理性的交流，通過(guò)這種交流，我們都能獲得彼此的尊重和理解——那么我們就改變了‘贏得’爭(zhēng)論的本質(zhì))”可知，作者認(rèn)為“贏得”爭(zhēng)論的關(guān)鍵是通過(guò)交流獲得彼此的尊重和理解，故選D。

D

For lots of kids, toddlerhood (幼兒期) is an important time for friendship. Studies show that the earlier kids learn to form positive relationships, the better they are at relating to others as teenagers and adults. Playing together also helps these kids practice social behaviors, such as kindness, sharing, and cooperation.

Even so, how quickly your child develops into a social creature may also depend on his temperament(性格). Some toddler s are very social, but others are shy. In addition, the way that toddlers demonstrate that they like other children is markedly different from what adults think of as expressions of friendship. Research at Ohio State University in Columbus found that a toddler’s way of saying “I like you” during play is likely to come in the form of copying a friend’s behavior.

This seemingly unusual way of demonstrating fondness can result in unpleasant behavior. Regardless of how much they like a playmate, they may still grab his toys, refuse to share, and get bossy. But experts say that this is a normal and necessary part of friendship for kids this age. Through play experiences, toddlers learn social rules. That’s why it’s so important to take an active role in your toddler’s social encounters by setting limits and offering frequent reminders of what they are. When you establish these guidelines, explain the reasons behind them.

Begin by helping your child learn sympathy (“Ben is crying. What’s making him so sad?”), then suggest how he could resolve the problem (“Maybe he would feel better if you let him play the ball.”). When your child shares or shows empathy(同理心) toward a friend, praise him (“Ben stopped crying! You made him feel better.”).

Another way to encourage healthy social interaction is by encouraging kids to use words- not fists-to express how they feel. It’s also important to be mindful of how your child’s personality affects playtime. Kids are easy to get angry when they’re sleepy or hungry, so schedule playtime when they’re refreshed.

12. What does it indicate when toddlers copy their playmates’ behavior?

A. They are interested in acting. B. They are shy with the strangers.

C. They are fond of their playmates. D. They are tired of playing games.

13. What does the author suggest parents do for their kids?

A. Design games for them. B. Find them suitable playmates.

C. Play together with them. D. Help them understand social rules.

14. What is the function of the quoted statements in paragraph 4?

A. Giving examples. B. Explaining concepts.

C. Providing evidence. D. Making comparisons.

15. Which of the following is the best title for the text?

A. How Children Adapt to Changes B. How to Be a Role Model for Children

C. How Your Baby Learns to Love D. How to Communicate with Your Kid

【答案】12. C13. D14. A15. C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了幼兒時(shí)期友誼對(duì)兒童社交能力發(fā)展的重要性，并探討了幼兒表達(dá)友誼的方式和可能出現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題。同時(shí)，文章還提供了一些建議和方法，幫助家長(zhǎng)在幼兒社交互動(dòng)中發(fā)揮積極作用，培養(yǎng)他們的同情心和表達(dá)能力，學(xué)會(huì)發(fā)展友誼。

【12題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“In addition, the way that toddlers demonstrate that they like other children is markedly different from what adults think of as expressions of friendship. Research at Ohio State University in Columbus found that a toddler’s way of saying “I like you” during play is likely to come in the form of copying a friend’s behavior.(此外，蹣跚學(xué)步的孩子表現(xiàn)出他們喜歡其他孩子的方式與成年人認(rèn)為的友誼表達(dá)方式明顯不同。哥倫布俄亥俄州立大學(xué)的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，一個(gè)蹣跚學(xué)步的孩子在玩耍時(shí)說(shuō)“我喜歡你”的方式很可能是模仿朋友的行為)”可知，蹣跚學(xué)步的孩子模仿朋友的行為說(shuō)明他們喜歡玩伴，故選C項(xiàng)。

【13題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Through play experiences, toddlers learn social rules. That’s why it’s so important to take an active role in your toddler’s social encounters by setting limits and offering frequent reminders of what they are. When you establish these guidelines, explain the reasons behind them(通過(guò)游戲體驗(yàn)，幼兒學(xué)習(xí)社交規(guī)則。這就是在你蹣跚學(xué)步的孩子的社交活動(dòng)中，通過(guò)設(shè)定限制和經(jīng)常提醒它們是什么，來(lái)發(fā)揮積極作用是如此重要的原因，當(dāng)您制定這些指導(dǎo)方針時(shí)，請(qǐng)解釋其背后的原因)”可知，作者建議家長(zhǎng)在孩子的社交生活中設(shè)定限制，并且經(jīng)常提醒孩子們這些限制，也就是社交規(guī)則，幫助孩子理解社交規(guī)則，故選D項(xiàng)。

【14題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Begin by helping your child learn sympathy (“Ben is crying. What’s making him so sad?”)(首先幫助孩子學(xué)會(huì)同情((本在哭。是什么讓他這么傷心?”))”以及“then suggest how he could resolve the problem (“Maybe he would feel better if you let him play the ball.”)(然后建議他如何解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題(“如果你讓他打球，也許他會(huì)感覺(jué)好些。”))”可知，這些引用是通過(guò)舉例說(shuō)明這兩個(gè)建議：幫助孩子學(xué)會(huì)同情并解決問(wèn)題，故選A項(xiàng)。

【15題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“For lots of kids, toddlerhood (幼兒期) is an important time for friendship. Studies show that the earlier kids learn to form positive relationships, the better they are at relating to others as teenagers and adults. Playing together also helps these kids practice social behaviors, such as kindness, sharing, and cooperation(對(duì)很多孩子來(lái)說(shuō)，蹣跚學(xué)步是建立友誼的重要時(shí)刻。研究表明，孩子們?cè)皆鐚W(xué)會(huì)建立積極的關(guān)系，他們?cè)谇嗌倌旰统赡耆藭r(shí)期就越善于與他人建立聯(lián)系。一起玩耍也有助于這些孩子練習(xí)社交行為，如友善、分享和合作)”、第三段“Through play experiences, toddlers learn social rules. That’s why it’s so important to take an active role in your toddler’s social encounters by setting limits and offering frequent reminders of what they are(通過(guò)游戲體驗(yàn)，幼兒學(xué)習(xí)社會(huì)規(guī)則。這就是在你蹣跚學(xué)步的孩子的社交活動(dòng)中，通過(guò)設(shè)定限制和經(jīng)常提醒它們是什么，來(lái)發(fā)揮積極作用是如此重要的原因)”以及最后一段“Another way to encourage healthy social interaction is by encouraging kids to use words- not fists-to express how they feel.( 另一種鼓勵(lì)健康社交的方法是鼓勵(lì)孩子用語(yǔ)言而不是拳頭來(lái)表達(dá)他們的感受。)”可知，本文主要講的是家長(zhǎng)如何幫助孩子學(xué)會(huì)愛(ài)，學(xué)會(huì)發(fā)展友誼，故選C項(xiàng)。

第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)

閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

Common Mistakes New Runners Make

Running is a great way to get in shape and just about everyone can do it. However, many make a number of common mistakes, which can interfere (妨礙) with training or lead to injury. ___16___ , keep these things in mind to help you increase your chances of running success.

·Doing too much too soon

One of the biggest mistakes new runners make is doing too much too soon. Slowly easing into a training program will help reduce the risk of injury, so you can continue on with your new running routine ___17___ .

· ___18___

Beginners might think they need to run every day (or nearly every day) to meet their fitness or weight-loss goals, but this couldn’t be further from the truth. Running is a high-impact activity which can be really hard on your body. So it’s important to give your body a rest between workouts.

·Not wearing the right equipment

___19___, it’s important that you wear properly for your workouts. The most important piece of equipment for running is a good pair of running shoes, so be sure to do some research before you purchase a pair. Visit a running specialty store and ask an employee to fit you for a shoe.

?Running through pain

___20___ If something hurts when you run, you need to stop and treat the pain. Remember: It doesn’t make you less of a runner if you listen to your body to keep it healthy.

A. Not taking rest days

B. If you’re just starting out

C. Comparing yourself to others

D. Running can be uncomfortable at times

E. It’s important not to use the same muscles

F. While it may be true that you don’t need expensive equipment to take up running

G. Experts suggest increasing your running distance by no more than 10% each week

【答案】16. B17. G18. A19. F20. D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了新手跑步者常犯的錯(cuò)誤。

【16題詳解】

上文“Running is a great way to get in shape and just about everyone can do it. However, many make a number of common mistakes, which can interfere (妨礙) with training or lead to injury. (跑步是保持體形的好方法，幾乎每個(gè)人都可以做到。然而，許多人會(huì)犯一些常見(jiàn)的錯(cuò)誤，這些錯(cuò)誤可能會(huì)干擾訓(xùn)練或?qū)е率軅?”指出跑步時(shí)有些人會(huì)犯一些常見(jiàn)的錯(cuò)誤，這些錯(cuò)誤可能會(huì)干擾訓(xùn)練或?qū)е率軅?，由本段?biāo)題“Common Mistakes New Runners Make(新跑步者常犯的錯(cuò)誤)”可知，本文主要指出新跑步者會(huì)犯的錯(cuò)誤，根據(jù)下文“keep these things in mind to help you increase your chances of running success.(記住這些事情可以幫助您增加跑步成功的機(jī)會(huì)。)”可知，空處是狀語(yǔ)從句，B項(xiàng)“如果你剛剛開(kāi)始”符合，是下文的條件，同時(shí)也符合主題，即如果你是新跑步者，本文的建議會(huì)幫助你增加成功跑步的機(jī)會(huì)，故選B。

【17題詳解】

上文“One of the biggest mistakes new runners make is doing too much too soon. Slowly easing into a training program will help reduce the risk of injury, so you can continue on with your new running routine(新跑步者犯的最大錯(cuò)誤之一就是跑得太多太快。慢慢地進(jìn)入訓(xùn)練計(jì)劃將有助于降低受傷風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，這樣您就可以繼續(xù)新的跑步習(xí)慣)”指出剛開(kāi)始跑步的人會(huì)跑得太快，所以要慢慢進(jìn)入訓(xùn)練，不要跑太多太快，G項(xiàng)“專家建議每周增加跑步距離不超過(guò)10%”符合，指出不要跑太多，故選G。

【18題詳解】

此處是本段小標(biāo)題，即新手跑步者常犯的錯(cuò)誤之一，根據(jù)下文“Beginners might think they need to run every day (or nearly every day) to meet their fitness or weight-loss goals, but this couldn’t be further from the truth. Running is a high-impact activity which can be really hard on your body. So it’s important to give your body a rest between workouts.(初學(xué)者可能認(rèn)為他們需要每天(或幾乎每天)跑步才能達(dá)到健身或減肥目標(biāo)，但這與事實(shí)相差甚遠(yuǎn)。跑步是一項(xiàng)高影響力的活動(dòng)，對(duì)您的身體來(lái)說(shuō)確實(shí)很困難。因此，在鍛煉之間讓身體休息很重要。)”可知，新手跑步者不休息，A項(xiàng)“沒(méi)有休息日”符合，故選A。

【19題詳解】

根據(jù)本段標(biāo)題“Not wearing the right equipment(沒(méi)有佩戴合適的裝備)”可知，本段主要介紹了新手跑步者常犯的錯(cuò)誤之一是沒(méi)有佩戴合適的裝備，下文“it’s important that you wear properly for your workouts.(鍛煉時(shí)正確穿著很重要)”強(qiáng)調(diào)跑步時(shí)正確穿著很重要，空處也應(yīng)與“佩戴合適的裝備”有關(guān)，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“雖然你可能確實(shí)不需要昂貴的設(shè)備來(lái)開(kāi)始跑步”符合，其中“equipment”呼應(yīng)標(biāo)題中的“the right equipment”，雖然你可能確實(shí)不需要昂貴的設(shè)備來(lái)開(kāi)始跑步，但是鍛煉時(shí)正確穿著很重要，故選F。

【20題詳解】

下文“If something hurts when you run, you need to stop and treat the pain (如果跑步時(shí)感到疼痛，則需要停下來(lái)治療疼痛)”指出跑步時(shí)如果感到疼痛，應(yīng)該停下來(lái)，這說(shuō)明有時(shí)候跑步會(huì)讓人感到疼痛，D項(xiàng)“跑步有時(shí)會(huì)感到不舒服”符合，引起下文，下文介紹了感到疼痛時(shí)該如何做，故選D。

第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)

第一節(jié) (共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)

閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

I was halfway across Indiana headed home to Kentucky when my car broke down. My phone was ___21___, too. I managed to get to a gas station, but it was Sunday in the early fall, and there was no ___22___ on duty. I was working my way through university then and had little money for ___23___ the car.

I sat alongside my car for several hours trying to ___24___ the heat when an older gentleman ___25___ to fuel his car. He asked about my car, and I ___26___ my predicament (困境). To my ___27___, the gentleman told me that he had a daughter my age, and then he opened his trunk and ___28___ a tool set.

Right then and there, this total ___29___ examined my engine, explaining as he worked that my spark plugs (火花塞) hadn’t been changed for so long that they were ___30___ to function. After about an hour, he ___31___ that my car was safe to finish the trip.

___32___ came at the hands of a stranger. ___33___ his clothes, working on a hot September afternoon, this man ___34___ a college student from disaster, just because she could have been his ___35___ .

21.

A. busy B. loud C. dead D. secure

22.

A. mechanic B. policeman C. manager D. guide

23.

A. washing B. parking C. purchasing D. maintaining.

24.

A. feel B. beat C. absorb D. produce

25.

A. promised B. refused C. stopped D. volunteered

26.

A. solved B. noticed C. escaped. D. explained

27.

A. surprise B. regret C. amusement. D. disappointment

28.

A. called up B. pulled out C. put down D. threw away

29.

A. liar B. beginner C. stranger D. loser

30.

A. free B. ready C. uncertain D. unable

31.

A. pronounced B. agreed C. discovered D. doubted

32.

A. Tiredness B. Kindness C. Loneliness D. Carefulness

33.

A. Folding B. Drying C. Soiling. D. Mending

34.

A. saved B. called C. judged D. banned

35.

A. friend B. daughter C. coworker D. customer

【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. C 26. D 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. D 31. A 32. B 33. C

34. A 35. B

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者的車在半路壞了，正巧趕上周日，在加油站并沒(méi)有找到修車的人。這時(shí)恰巧有一位年長(zhǎng)的紳士來(lái)加油。了解到作者遇到的困難后，他主動(dòng)幫助作者修了車。作者對(duì)此非常的感謝。

【21題詳解】

考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我的手機(jī)也沒(méi)電了。A. busy忙的;B. loud大聲的;C. dead(因無(wú)電力)不工作的;D. secure可靠的。根據(jù)上文“I was halfway across Indiana headed home to Kentucky when my car broke down.”以及句中的too可知，作者的車壞了，手機(jī)也因?yàn)闆](méi)電而關(guān)機(jī)了。故選C。

【22題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我設(shè)法去了一個(gè)加油站，但那是初秋的周日，沒(méi)有機(jī)修工值班。A. mechanic機(jī)修工;B. policeman;C. manager經(jīng)理;D. guide指導(dǎo)。根據(jù)上文“but it was Sunday in the early fall”可知，作者的車壞了，所以她應(yīng)該去找修車的。但是因?yàn)槭侵苋?，所以加油站的機(jī)修工都沒(méi)上班。故選A。

【23題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)時(shí)我正努力讀完大學(xué)，幾乎沒(méi)有錢保養(yǎng)這輛車。A. washing清洗;B. parking停車;C. purchasing購(gòu)買;D. maintaining保養(yǎng)。根據(jù)空前“I was working my way through university then and had little money”可知，作者當(dāng)時(shí)正在在讀大學(xué)，沒(méi)有什么錢，所以幾乎是不保養(yǎng)車的。故選D。

【24題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我在車旁坐了幾個(gè)小時(shí)試圖避暑，這時(shí)一位年長(zhǎng)的紳士停下來(lái)給他的車加油。A. feel感覺(jué);B. beat擊敗;C. absorb吸收;D. produce生產(chǎn)。根據(jù)下文“working on a hot September afternoon”可知，事情發(fā)生在一個(gè)炎熱的夏天，作者坐在車邊試圖保持涼爽。beat the heat“消暑，在炎熱的天氣中保持涼爽”。故選B。

【25題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我在車旁坐了幾個(gè)小時(shí)試圖避暑，這時(shí)一位年長(zhǎng)的紳士停下來(lái)給他的車加油。A. promised答應(yīng)了;B. refused拒絕;C. stopped停止;D. volunteered自愿的。根據(jù)上文“I managed to get to a gas station”可知，作者是在加油站，所以有一輛車停下來(lái)加油。故選C。

【26題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他問(wèn)起我的車，我解釋了我的困境。A. solved解決;B. noticed注意到;C. escaped逃脫。D. explained解釋。根據(jù)上文“He asked about my car”可知，這位紳士詢問(wèn)作者的車出了什么問(wèn)題，然后作者向他解釋了他的困境。故選D。

【27題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：令我驚訝的是，這位先生告訴我，他有一個(gè)和我同齡的女兒，然后他打開(kāi)行李箱，拿出了一套工具。A. surprise驚喜;B. regret遺憾;C. amusement可笑;D. disappointment失望。根據(jù)下文“the gentleman told me that he had a daughter my age, and then he opened his trunk and ___8___ a tool set”可知，這位年長(zhǎng)的紳士聽(tīng)到作者的困難后，告訴作者他也有一個(gè)女兒，而且從車?yán)锬贸鲆惶坠ぞ?。這讓作為陌生人的作者感到非常的驚訝。故選A。

【28題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：令我驚訝的是，這位先生告訴我，他有一個(gè)和我同齡的女兒，然后他打開(kāi)行李箱，拿出了一套工具。A. called up打電話給;B. pulled out取出;C. put down放下;D. threw away扔掉了。根據(jù)空后“a tool set”以及下文“Right then and there, this total ___9___ examined my engine, explaining as he worked that my spark plugs (火花塞) hadn’t been changed for so long that they were ___10___ to function.”可知，這位紳士從他的車?yán)锬贸鲆惶坠ぞ?，幫作者修起了車。故選B。

【29題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：就在這時(shí)，這個(gè)完全陌生的人檢查了我的發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)，一邊工作一邊解釋說(shuō)，我的火花塞已經(jīng)很久沒(méi)有更換了，以至于無(wú)法工作。A. liar騙子;B. beginner初學(xué)者;C. stranger陌生人;D. loser失敗者。根據(jù)上文“I sat alongside my car for several hours trying to ___4___ the heat when an older gentleman ___5___ to fuel his car”以及全文語(yǔ)境可知，這個(gè)紳士對(duì)于作者來(lái)說(shuō)完全是個(gè)陌生人。故選C。

【30題詳解】

考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：就在這時(shí)，這個(gè)完全陌生的人檢查了我的發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)，一邊工作一邊解釋說(shuō)，我的火花塞已經(jīng)很久沒(méi)有更換了，以至于無(wú)法工作。A. free免費(fèi)的;B. ready準(zhǔn)備好的;C. uncertain不確定;D. unable不能的。根據(jù)上文“as he worked that my spark plugs (火花塞) hadn’t been changed for so long ”可知，由于車輛的火花塞已經(jīng)很久沒(méi)有更換了，所以導(dǎo)致它不能正常工作。故選D。

【31題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：大約一個(gè)小時(shí)后，他宣布我的車可以安全地完成旅程。A. pronounced宣布;B. agreed同意;C. discovered發(fā)現(xiàn);D. doubted懷疑。根據(jù)空后“that my car was safe to finish the trip”可知，經(jīng)過(guò)一個(gè)小時(shí)的修理后，那個(gè)紳士宣布說(shuō)車可以安全地完成旅程。故選A。

【32題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：善良來(lái)自一個(gè)陌生人。A. Tiredness疲勞;B. Kindness善良;C. Loneliness孤獨(dú);D. Carefulness細(xì)心。根據(jù)全文語(yǔ)境可知，一位陌生人幫助了他，所以此處指善意來(lái)自一個(gè)陌生人。故選B。

【33題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在一個(gè)炎熱的九月下午，這個(gè)男人弄臟了自己的衣服，從災(zāi)難中拯救了一個(gè)大學(xué)生，只因?yàn)樗赡芎退呐畠和g。A. Folding折疊;B. Drying干燥;C. Soiling弄臟。D. Mending修補(bǔ)。根據(jù)上文“After about an hour, he ___11___ that my car was safe to finish the trip”可知，那位紳士給作者修了一個(gè)小時(shí)的車。此處指修車時(shí)弄臟了自己的衣服。故選C。

【34題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在一個(gè)炎熱的九月下午，這個(gè)男人弄臟了自己的衣服，從災(zāi)難中拯救了一個(gè)大學(xué)生，只因?yàn)樗赡芎退呐畠和g。A. saved救了;B. called打電話;C. judged判斷;D. banned禁止。根據(jù)上文“Right then and there, this total ___9___ examined my engine, explaining as he worked that my spark plugs (火花塞) hadn’t been changed for so long that they were ___10___ to function.”可知，這個(gè)陌生人給作者修了車，所以作者覺(jué)得他就像是從災(zāi)難中是救了她。故選A。

【35題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在一個(gè)炎熱的九月下午，這個(gè)男人弄臟了自己的衣服，從災(zāi)難中拯救了一個(gè)大學(xué)生，只因?yàn)樗赡苁撬呐畠和g。A. friend朋友。B. daughter女兒;C. coworker同事;D. customer顧客。根據(jù)上文“the gentleman told me that he had a daughter my age”可知，作者覺(jué)那位紳士幫助作者是因?yàn)樗幸粋€(gè)和她同齡的女兒。此處指作者就像那位男士的女兒。故選B。

第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)

閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

Whenever you have to write a paper, a letter, or any other document for work or school, you probably head toward the computer. Now, most people reach for ___36___ (keyboard) faster than they pick up pens. In a Scottish primary school, however, Mr. Norman Lewis is taking a different approach. He feels that neat handwriting ___37___ (be) still an important skill, so he has his students write not only by hand but also ___38___ old fashioned fountain pens.

Fountain pens ___39___ (use) in schools long ago and have been regaining popularity lately because they are refillable. Today, a writer ___40___ (simple) throws an empty pen away and gets ___41___ new one.

So far, Mr. Lewis is pleased with the results of his experiment. He reports that his students are taking more care with their work, and their self-confidence has improved as well. He is happy with the ___42___ (improve) he sees in his students’ writing ___43___ in his own writing. He knows that computers are here ___44___ (stay) and that they will not disappear. However, he believes that the practice with fountain pens helps students to focus, to write faster, and they can feel proud of ____45____ (they).

【答案】36. keyboards

37. is38. with

39. were used

40. simply41. a

42. improvement

43. and44. to stay

45. themselves

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了在蘇格蘭的一所小學(xué)里，諾曼·劉易斯讓學(xué)生使用老式鋼筆寫字取得良好效果的故事。

【36題詳解】

考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：現(xiàn)在，大多數(shù)人拿起鍵盤的速度比拿起筆的速度還快。根據(jù)空格前的介詞for可知，空格處應(yīng)填名詞作賓語(yǔ)，keyboard為可數(shù)名詞，前面沒(méi)有冠詞應(yīng)用名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填keyboards。

【37題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：他覺(jué)得整潔的書(shū)寫仍然是一項(xiàng)重要的技能，所以他不僅讓學(xué)生手寫，還讓他們用老式的鋼筆寫字?？崭裉幾髦^語(yǔ)，本句陳述的是客觀事實(shí)，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，且主語(yǔ)handwriting為不可數(shù)名詞，應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故填is。

【38題詳解】

考查介詞。句意：他覺(jué)得整潔的書(shū)寫仍然是一項(xiàng)重要的技能，所以他不僅讓學(xué)生手寫，還讓他們用老式的鋼筆寫字。根據(jù)空格后的名詞old fashioned fountain pens可知，空格處應(yīng)填介詞，表示“使用”應(yīng)用介詞with。故填with。

【39題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：鋼筆很久以前就在學(xué)校里使用了，最近又重新流行起來(lái)，因?yàn)樗鼈兛梢灾匦绿畛?。空格處作謂語(yǔ)，根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)long ago可知，應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，主語(yǔ)Fountain pens和動(dòng)詞use之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故填were used。

【40題詳解】

考查副詞。句意：今天，一個(gè)作家只是把一支空筆扔掉，再買一支新的?？崭裉幾鳡钫Z(yǔ)，修飾動(dòng)詞throws，應(yīng)用副詞形式。故填simply。

【41題詳解】

考查冠詞。句意：今天，一個(gè)作家只是把一支空筆扔掉，再買一支新的?？崭窈蟮拇~one指代可數(shù)名詞pen，此處表示泛指，且new是以輔音音標(biāo)開(kāi)頭，應(yīng)用不定冠詞a。故填a。

【42題詳解】

考查名詞。句意：他很高興看到他的學(xué)生和他自己的書(shū)寫都有了改善。根據(jù)空格前的冠詞the可知，空格處應(yīng)填名詞作介詞with的賓語(yǔ)，表示“改善”是improvement，為不可數(shù)名詞。故填improvement。

【43題詳解】

考查連詞。句意：他很高興看到他的學(xué)生和他自己的書(shū)寫都有了改善。空格前短語(yǔ)in his students’ writing和空格后的短語(yǔ)in his own writing為并列關(guān)系，應(yīng)用and表示這種關(guān)系。故填and。

【44題詳解】

考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：他知道電腦會(huì)一直存在，不會(huì)消失。根據(jù)空前的動(dòng)詞are可知，空格處應(yīng)填不定式作表語(yǔ)，be to do為固定搭配，表示“必定會(huì)”，是對(duì)未來(lái)的一種推測(cè)。故填to stay。

【45題詳解】

考查代詞。句意：然而，他認(rèn)為，用鋼筆練習(xí)可以幫助學(xué)生集中注意力，寫得更快，他們可以為自己感到自豪。根據(jù)空格前的介詞of可知，空格處應(yīng)填代詞作賓語(yǔ)，根據(jù)句意“他們自己”應(yīng)用themselves。故填themselves。

第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)

第一節(jié) (滿分15分)

46. 你校英文報(bào)計(jì)劃舉辦主題為“攜手行動(dòng)，節(jié)約糧食”的作文比賽。請(qǐng)你寫一則活動(dòng)通知，內(nèi)容包括：

(1)介紹活動(dòng)目的;

(2)說(shuō)明參賽要求。

注意：

(1)寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80個(gè)左右;

(2)請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

Welcome to Join the English Writing Competition

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

【答案】范文

Welcome to Join the English Writing Competition

Our school English newspaper is excited to announce the upcoming writing competition, themed “Hand in Hand, Save the Food”. The competition aims to raise awareness about the importance of saving food.

All students are encouraged to participate. Entries should consist of an original piece of writing, focusing on the theme of food waste and showing how we can contribute to its reduction. Please submit your entries to the English Department mailbox by the deadline of June 1st.

We look forward to your participation and creative submissions.

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本篇書(shū)面表達(dá)屬于應(yīng)用文。要求考生為校英文報(bào)計(jì)劃舉辦主題為“攜手行動(dòng)，節(jié)約糧食”的作文比賽寫一則活動(dòng)通知。

【詳解】1.詞匯積累

比賽：competition→contest

集中：focus on→concentrate on

鼓勵(lì)：encourage→hearten

主題：theme→topic

2.句式拓展

簡(jiǎn)單句變復(fù)合句

原句：Our school English newspaper is excited to announce the upcoming writing competition, themed “Hand in Hand, Save the Food”.

拓展句：Our school English newspaper is excited to announce the upcoming writing competition, whose theme is “Hand in Hand, Save the Food”.

【點(diǎn)睛】[高分句型1] The competition aims to raise awareness about the importance of saving food. (運(yùn)用了動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ))

[高分句型2] Entries should consist of an original piece of writing, focusing on the theme of food waste and showing how we can contribute to its reduction. (運(yùn)用了how引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句)

第二節(jié) (滿分25分)

47. 閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。

Last summer, Hilda worked as a volunteer with dolphin trainers at a sea life park. Her job was to make sure the tanks were free of any items so that the trainers could train the dolphins to fetch specific items. However, one day after cleaning, one of the dolphins, Maya, presented Hilda with a candy wrapper from the tank. When Katherine, the trainer, saw this, she blamed Hilda for her carelessness. Upset but not discouraged by this event, Hilda decided to do some spying on Maya.

The next morning, Hilda arrived at the park early. She put on her scuba gear (水下呼吸器) and jumped into the tank for her usual, underwater sweep. Finding nothing in the tank, she climbed out of the water just in time to see Katherine jumping in on the other side. After what happened yesterday, Hilda knew what she was doing. She watched as Katherine performed her underwater search, but Hilda wasn’t surprised when she surfaced empty-handed.

During the tank sweeps, Maya had been swimming playfully, but now the dolphin stopped suddenly and swam to the back part of the tank where the filter (過(guò)濾) box was located. She stuck her nose down behind the box and then swam away. What was Maya doing back there? Hilda wondered. She jumped back into the water and swam over to take a look behind the box, and her question was answered. Hilda then swam across the tank following Maya’s path and emerged from the water to find Katherine removing her scuba gear. As Katherine turned around, her mouth dropped open. There was Maya at the edge of the tank with a comb (梳子) in her mouth waiting for her treat.

“Maya! Where did you get that?” demanded Katherine, taking the comb and throwing her a fish. “I know where she got it,” declared Hilda climbing out of the tank with a handful of items still wet from their watery, resting place. “What’s all this?” Katherine asked, obviously confused.

注意：

(1)續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150個(gè)左右;

(2)請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

“This is Maya’s secret,” Hilda said with a big smile.

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Now Katherine realized what had been going on.

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

【答案】

“This is Maya’s secret,” Hilda said with a big smile.The truth of the matter, Hilda continued, is that Maya has been secretly collecting items from the tank, hiding them near the filter in the back of the tank. When you train her, she will give you some items so that she can get treats from you. “Really? How do you know that?” Catherine asked in surprise. Hilda laughed and replied, “It took me a long time to discover this secret, too. It’s not easy to follow Maya.”

Now Katherine realized what had been going on. Catherine thought to herself, this is really a clever dolphin. And she said to Hilda, “Well, Maya loves treats, so we’ll work together, and you’ll secretly help her collect a few things and put them in the filter at the back of the tank. I’ll give her treats, the number of which I can increase.” Hilda replied, “Good idea, let’s do it.” From then on, the Sea Life Park is full of warmth and harmony. Maya’s performance in front of the audience is getting better and better.

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文以人物為線索展開(kāi)，講述了希爾達(dá)在一家海洋生物公園與海豚訓(xùn)練員凱瑟琳一起做志愿者，以及她們和海豚瑪雅之間的故事。

【詳解】1.段落續(xù)寫：

①由第一段首句內(nèi)容“‘這是瑪雅的秘密，’希爾達(dá)笑著說(shuō)?！笨芍谝欢慰擅鑼懍斞诺拿孛苁鞘裁?。

②由第二段首句內(nèi)容“現(xiàn)在凱瑟琳意識(shí)到發(fā)生了什么事?！笨芍?，第二段可描寫凱瑟琳的對(duì)這件事的反應(yīng)以及事情的結(jié)果。

2.續(xù)寫線索：訓(xùn)練海豚——發(fā)現(xiàn)秘密——分析秘密——互相協(xié)商——共同配合——良好結(jié)果

3.詞匯激活

行為類

①密密地：secretly/in private

②收集：collect/gather

③隱藏：hid/conceal

情緒類

①驚訝地：in surprise/in amazement

②笑：laugh/smile

【點(diǎn)睛】【高分句型1】The truth of the matter, Hilda continued, is that Maya has been secretly collecting items from the tank, hiding them near the filter in the back of the tank. (運(yùn)用了that引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句和現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ))

【高分句型2】I’ll give her treats, the number of which I can increase. (運(yùn)用了which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句)

高考英語(yǔ)高頻動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)

一、幾個(gè)常見(jiàn)的動(dòng)詞

1.關(guān)于make

1)make當(dāng)“做、制造”解時(shí)，可跟雙賓語(yǔ)。

如：He'll make me a kite. = He'll make a kite for me.他將給我制作一個(gè)風(fēng)箏。

2)make通常與一些表示動(dòng)作的名詞連用。

(1)make a study/ trip/ promise/ movement/ statement/ request/ change/ fire/ speech/report/ face/ plan/ living/ differences

(2)make an explanation/ experiment/ excuse/ apology

(3)make preparation/ progress/ room/ bread/ tea/ coffee

3)make作使役動(dòng)詞時(shí)，表示“使......做某事、使......成為”，可跟復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，其中的賓補(bǔ)

可以是：

(1)形容詞：They are trying to make our country beautiful.他們?cè)谂κ刮覀兊膰?guó)家變得美麗。

(2)名詞：I would make you king over the earth.我會(huì)使你成為地球之王。

(3)過(guò)去分詞：What made him so frightened?什么使他如此害怕?

(4)省去to的不定式：The boy made faces just to make other kids laugh.這個(gè)男孩做鬼臉只是為了使其他孩子發(fā)笑。

注意：make在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中一定要帶to的不定式。

(5)構(gòu)成：make it + adj. + to do sth. / that 從句 使(做)某事成為......

4)make作“制造、組成”時(shí)構(gòu)成的詞組，常使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。

(1)成品+ be made of +原材料(看得出原材料)

(2)成品+be made from +原材料(看不出原材料)

(3)原料+be made into+成品

(4)成品+be made by + 執(zhí)行者/制造者

(5)成品+be made in +地點(diǎn)

(6)物體/組織+be made up of +若干成分

5)make構(gòu)成的兩個(gè)常用詞組

(1)make up 彌補(bǔ)，編造，構(gòu)成，化妝，整理。

如：make up a story編故事

(2)make full/ good/ the best use of 充分利用。

如：We must make the best use of the fine weather.我們必須充分利用這好天氣。

2.關(guān)于consider

1)作“考慮”講時(shí)，后面可跟名詞/代詞/從句，跟連接代詞/副詞+ to do, 或跟動(dòng)名詞。

如：Have you considered how to go there?你考慮過(guò)如何去那里了嗎?

2)作“認(rèn)為......，把......當(dāng)做”講時(shí)，常用“consider+賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)，作賓補(bǔ)的可以是名詞/形容詞/不定式(不定式完成式)。

如：I consider him to be a fool.我把他當(dāng)做一個(gè)傻瓜看待。

3)注意結(jié)構(gòu)：consider it + n. /adj. + to do sth.

如：I consider it necessary to study English.我認(rèn)為學(xué)英語(yǔ)很有必要。

4)consider... (as)...表示“把(某人或某物)看做......”。

如：Most people considered him as a hero.多數(shù)人把他看成一個(gè)英雄。

3.關(guān)于keep

1)keep用作及物動(dòng)詞，表示“使......繼續(xù)處于某種狀態(tài)”，其后的賓補(bǔ)可以是：

(1)現(xiàn)在分詞：Don't keep your mother waiting.別讓你母親等。

(2)過(guò)去分詞：His clothes seemed to be just pulled on to keep him covered.他的衣服像是剛剛被拖起來(lái)蓋在身上的。

(3)副詞：This helps to keep the cold out.這有助于御寒。

(4)介詞短語(yǔ)：He kept them in the classroom after school.放學(xué)后，他讓他們待在教室里。

(5)形容詞：The nurse keep her very clean.護(hù)士門將她料理得非常整潔。

2)keep 作系動(dòng)詞，意為“保持、繼續(xù)處于某種狀態(tài)”。

如：keep silent/ quiet/ cool/ fit...

3)keep doing與keep on doing

(1)表示“決心、毅力、頑強(qiáng)意志力”及強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的反復(fù)時(shí)，多用keep on doing.

如：Don't give up hope; keep on trying.別放棄希望，要不斷努力。

(2)表示持續(xù)的狀態(tài)常用keep doing。

如：We've kept hoping to go to college.我們一直希望上大學(xué)。

(3)keep/ keep on一般都不能與表示短暫性動(dòng)作、心理狀態(tài)或結(jié)果的動(dòng)詞連用。

如：通常不用keep (on) standing/ sitting/ beginning/ leaving。

4)其他搭配

keep back 阻止，落在后面

keep... Out (of ) 使......在外，不讓...... 入內(nèi)

keep away 不接近，避開(kāi)

keep... From 阻止，抑制，避免

keep off 讓開(kāi)，不接近

keep up 堅(jiān)持，繼續(xù)，保持，使不低落

keep up with 跟上，趕上，不落后于

keep in touch with與......保持聯(lián)絡(luò)

4.關(guān)于go

1)go的過(guò)去分詞形式gone多用作表語(yǔ)，意為“(人)不在了、走了，(物)丟了、用完了”。

如：The necklace was gone.項(xiàng)鏈丟了。

2)go有“......說(shuō)的”之意。常用于“the story goes故事是這樣的;as the story goes正如格言

所說(shuō)”這樣的結(jié)構(gòu)。

如：As the saying goes, "Where there is a will, thee is a way."正如格言所說(shuō)“有志者，事竟成?！?/p>

3)go為終止性動(dòng)詞，不與表示時(shí)間段的狀語(yǔ)連用。

4)go to通常與go to attend意義相同，多與一些表示活動(dòng)的名詞連用。

如：go to college/ a meeting/ an English party/ a concert/ a dance/ a lecture/ a dinner等。

5)注意區(qū)別：

go on doing sth. 繼續(xù)做同一個(gè)動(dòng)作

go on to do sth. 做完一個(gè)接著干另一個(gè)

go on with sth. 同一事件中斷后又接著做

6)其他搭配

go to sleep/bed休息/睡覺(jué)

go out for a walk/ ride/ swim/ bath/ drive外出散步/騎車/游泳/ 洗澡/ 散步

go about著手做，從事

go ahead前進(jìn)，進(jìn)行

go in for sth.從事，酷愛(ài)，參加

go over 仔細(xì)檢查，潤(rùn)色(文稿)，復(fù)習(xí)

go through經(jīng)歷，經(jīng)受

go up 上漲

5.關(guān)于agree

1)agree一般用作不及物動(dòng)詞，因此，其后不能直接帶賓語(yǔ)。如其后跟從句，則可作及物動(dòng)詞?？筛欢ㄊ?，但不跟不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。

2)區(qū)別：

agree with (1)表示“同意某人的看法”。

agree with sb. / what sb. Says.

(2)表示“適合，合適”。

This climate doesn't agree with me.

這里的氣候不適合我。

(3)表示“一致，協(xié)調(diào)”。

The verb must agree with its subject in person and number.動(dòng)詞必須與其主語(yǔ)在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。

agree to 表示“同意(某人的建議、安排、計(jì)劃)”

agree to a plan/ an arrangement/ a proposal/ a decision

agree on/ upon表示“對(duì)......取得一致意見(jiàn)”。

二、常見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞近義詞辨析

常見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞近義詞很多，有必要掌握以下常見(jiàn)的詞類：

1.關(guān)于win, defeat, beat, gain

1)win作“贏”講時(shí)，其賓語(yǔ)常是：war, battle, game, match, argument, victory, prize, 100 yuan,race, honor, praise, the first place等，而不能是表示人的名詞。

2)beat為及物動(dòng)詞，后面的賓語(yǔ)是“對(duì)手”，表示結(jié)果。

如：beat sb. at...在......(如比賽、戰(zhàn)斗、爭(zhēng)論)中擊敗某人

beat him at table tennis在乒乓球賽中擊敗他

3)defeat ab. (在戰(zhàn)斗、戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、比賽中)擊敗某人。強(qiáng)調(diào)暫時(shí)的行為。

如：defeat the enemy in the war在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中擊敗敵人

4)gain為及物動(dòng)詞，表示“獲得、贏得所需之物、利益或好處”。

如：gain experience/ wealth/ a reputation/ the time/ the marks/ the rank/ the prize/ one's respect/ success/ knowledge/ happiness/ a salary...

2.關(guān)于fit, suit和match

1)A.fit作及物動(dòng)詞，表示“適合，配上，合身”。

如：This coat fits her nicely.這件外套非常適合她。

B. 作形容詞，表示“適合，健康”。常構(gòu)成be fit for。

如：He is fit for the job.他適合這份工作。

C. 作不及物動(dòng)詞，表示“吻合，合身”。

如：Does the coat fit?這件大衣合身嗎?

2)suit作“適合”解，常強(qiáng)調(diào)顏色、款式等適合某人，而fit則強(qiáng)調(diào)大小合身。

如：That color doesn't suit your complexion.這顏色不適合你的膚色。

3)match表示“在(品質(zhì)、顏色、設(shè)計(jì)等方面)與......相配”。

如：Carpets should match the curtains.地毯必須與窗簾匹配。

3.關(guān)于cost, spend, take和pay

1)spend的主語(yǔ)只能是人。常用結(jié)構(gòu)：sb. + spend(s) + some time/ money + on sth. /in doing sth.

2)cost的主語(yǔ)只能是至事物或物的名詞、代詞或名詞性短語(yǔ)。

常用結(jié)構(gòu)：sth. + cost(s) + sb. + some money

3)take的主語(yǔ)多為指物的名詞。常用結(jié)構(gòu)：it + takes + some time + to do sth.

4)pay的主語(yǔ)是人，為買某物而付錢。常用結(jié)構(gòu)：sb. + pay(s) + some money + for sth.

4.關(guān)于hurt, wound, injure和harm

1)hurt表示“肉體或情感上的痛苦，強(qiáng)調(diào)疼痛感”。

如：Many people were hurt when a bus and a truck collided.一輛公共汽車和一輛卡車相撞，許多人受了傷。

2)would表示“由劍、刀、槍等造成身體上較嚴(yán)重的外傷，特別是在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中受傷”。

如：The soldier was wounded in the arm.這個(gè)士兵的胳膊受傷了。

3)injure表示“意外事故或偶發(fā)事件造成的傷害”。

如：There were two people injured in the car accident.有兩個(gè)人在車禍中受了傷。

4)harm表示“引起疼痛、痛苦或損失，其對(duì)象可以是自己，也可以是其他人或物”。

如：Our dog won't harm you.我們的狗不會(huì)傷害你的。

Getting up early won't harm you!早起對(duì)你沒(méi)有壞處。

例：We ______ to paint the whole house but finished only the front part that day.

A. set about B. set up C. set out D. set down

答案：C

解析：此處set about開(kāi)始做. . .，后接名詞、動(dòng)名詞;set up建立;set out開(kāi)始做. . .，后接不定式;set down寫下，記下。根據(jù)to paint可知選set out。句意：那天我們開(kāi)始粉刷整個(gè)房子但只完成了前面的部分。

1、在區(qū)別動(dòng)詞及動(dòng)詞詞組時(shí)應(yīng)在以下幾個(gè)方面特別注意：

(1)近義詞詞義及用法;

(2)語(yǔ)境中句意對(duì)詞義的限定;

(3)固定詞組的意義;

(4)動(dòng)詞詞組的習(xí)慣用法。

2、既要注意同義詞(組)間的語(yǔ)法差異，又要注意它們之間的意義差異。

高考英語(yǔ)的答題技巧是什么

聽(tīng)力篇：

核心技巧：

1.后句比前句重要，回答比提問(wèn)重要

2.若選項(xiàng)中個(gè)別單詞或短語(yǔ)被明顯播讀，此項(xiàng)多為錯(cuò)項(xiàng)。同義詞替換選項(xiàng)，正確可能性大。

3.同義詞替換

4.關(guān)注對(duì)話潛在規(guī)則。

閱讀篇

建議答題順序：建議在聽(tīng)力完成后做，最多用時(shí)25分鐘。(我在課上多次強(qiáng)調(diào))

很多同學(xué)在閱讀理解中，都錯(cuò)在了關(guān)鍵的第一步--審題上。

那么到底如何看題干，我們應(yīng)該看哪里?

大部分同學(xué)知道，用時(shí)間，大寫詞去定位，但其實(shí)這只是最基本的定位信息。

審題看三點(diǎn)：

1.問(wèn)誰(shuí)的觀點(diǎn)。(常見(jiàn)四類觀點(diǎn)：作者，大眾，他人，研究報(bào)告)

2.題干有沒(méi)有特殊的副詞或形容詞。

3.定位盡量選兩個(gè)詞，回避全文核心詞。

七選五

難度系數(shù)，我判斷為2顆星

從答案出發(fā)，再到文章。通常為議論文，著眼每個(gè)小標(biāo)題。小標(biāo)題就可以決定選項(xiàng)。

完形填空篇

建議用時(shí)：25分鐘

1.上課時(shí)，我通常建議，先縱觀全文大意，不可看到某個(gè)空，就立刻選擇答案，除非是你非常確定的前提下。

2.選擇答案，如果遇上不會(huì)的單詞，要學(xué)會(huì)走反路，從你會(huì)的單詞去排除。

3.通常高考英語(yǔ)的完形填空不存在詞性的選擇，選項(xiàng)的詞性基本保持一致的。

語(yǔ)法填空篇

語(yǔ)法填空的特點(diǎn)是，無(wú)單詞，有單詞。課上我曾多次講過(guò)這兩種點(diǎn)區(qū)別。

1.無(wú)單詞的情況下，你考慮：介詞(+doingsth)，引導(dǎo)詞(+句子)，并列詞(句子前后可能是轉(zhuǎn)折或者并列)，冠詞(+adj+n)，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+do，固定搭配

2.有單詞的情況下：基本是這樣的搭配，形容詞變副詞(大多數(shù)情況下是?ly)，非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞(主要是doing，done，todo),比較級(jí)，單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)……

了解整個(gè)文章或者對(duì)話，這個(gè)拿分，并不是很難。

改錯(cuò)篇

在短文改錯(cuò)中常出現(xiàn)的錯(cuò)誤主要有以下幾類：

1.名詞單復(fù)數(shù)用錯(cuò)，可數(shù)與不可數(shù)名詞的混用。大多數(shù)短文改錯(cuò)都會(huì)有此類的錯(cuò)誤。

2.動(dòng)詞：時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)，常出現(xiàn)在總體時(shí)態(tài)為過(guò)去或現(xiàn)在時(shí)，中間雜有不適的另一時(shí)態(tài)的現(xiàn)象;或是及物動(dòng)詞后無(wú)賓語(yǔ)，或是不及物動(dòng)詞后加了賓語(yǔ);需要接ing形式的接了to，或相反等。

3.形容詞副詞：常出現(xiàn)需形容詞的地方用了副詞或相反;關(guān)系副詞where，when，why等的缺失或錯(cuò)用。

4.介詞：主要是介詞的多余或缺失，錯(cuò)用。這一部分需要平時(shí)多多積累，弄清常用介詞的搭配。

5.主謂一致性：第三人稱單數(shù)漏掉s，或主語(yǔ)為復(fù)數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用了單數(shù);再就是就近原則對(duì)主語(yǔ)的影響。